🔢 Mathematics · Multiplication & Division

Multiplication as repeated addition

Understand multiplication as repeated addition and grouping equal sets

Typical age: 5–6 years

“If your child needs to count 4 bags with 3 apples in each, can they see that instead of counting all 12 one by one, they could add 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 — or say '4 groups of 3'?”

0 / 3 mastered

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Needs first

Counting in 2s
Skip counting supports understanding equal groups (2s, 5s, 10s)
Addition as combining or putting together twoREQUIRED
Multiplication as repeated addition requires understanding addition as combining groups

Unlocks next

Arrays for multiplication (age 7+)REQUIRED
Expressing array totals as sums of equal addends requires understanding multiplication as repeated addition
Commutative MultiplicationREQUIRED
Commutativity of multiplication requires understanding multiplication
Arrays for multiplicationREQUIRED
Using arrays requires understanding what multiplication means
What Multiplication MeansREQUIRED
Interpreting products formalises repeated addition/equal groups from Y1
Times tablesREQUIRED
Recalling times table facts requires understanding multiplication as repeated addition/grouping
Reading ×, ÷, and = SymbolsREQUIRED
Writing × sentences requires understanding multiplication